Derived colour in generativepy

If you have an existing colour, you can create a new derived colour based on the existing colour. There are two ways of doing this:

• Replace one colour value (for example the red value) with a new value, leaving the other colours the same.
• Multiply one colour value (for example the red value) by a factor, leaving the other colours the same.

You can apply these changes to the RGB value, the alpha values, or the HSL values.

Colour channel replacement

When we set a new, replacement value for one of the channels, then that channel alone will change. For example, this code creates a new colour with its r value set to 0.5 (it leaves the g, b and alpha values unchanged):

col_new = col.with_r(0.5)

Similar functions exist for g (green), b (blue), a (alpha), h (hue), s (saturation), and l (lightness). You can apply these functions to any colour. For example, even if a colour was initially defined with RGB values, you can still alter its saturation. Under the hood, the colour will be converted to HSL, modified, then converted back to RGB.

The replacement value will be clamped to the range 0.0 to 1.0. Here is some example code:

from generativepy.drawing import make_image, setup
from generativepy.color import Color
from generativepy.geometry import Rectangle

def draw_with(ctx, pixel_width, pixel_height, frame_no, frame_count):
    setup(ctx, pixel_width, pixel_height, background=Color(1))

    col = Color("cadetblue")

    pos = [10, 10]
    w = 100
    h = 100

    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_g(0.1))
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col)
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_g(0.9))

    pos = [10, 120]

    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_l(0.2))
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col)
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_l(0.9))

    pos = [10, 230]

    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_s(0.1))
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col)
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_s(0.9))

make_image("colour-with.png", draw_with, 320, 340)

This code is available on github in tutorial/colour/colour_with.py.

Here is the image it creates:

The image uses a base colour of cadetblue.

The first line of 3 colours shows the colour cadetblue - with green set to 0.1, unmodified, and with green set to 0.9.

The second line shows the same colour - with lightness set to 0.2, unmodified, and with lightness set to 0.9.

The third line shows the same colour - with saturation set to 0.1, unmodified, and with saturation set to 0/9.

Colour channel factor

This code creates a new colour with its r value multiplied by 1.2:

col_new = col.with_r_factor(1.2)

As with the with_r method, similar functions exist for g, b, h, s, l and a.

You can use a factor that is greater than 1 to increase the amount of red in the colour, or a factor that is less than 1 to decrease the amount of red in the colour. For example, if the existing value of red was 0.5 and you apply a factor of 1.2, the new red value is 0.6. Bear in mind:

• If the colour has no red to start with (for instance the RGB colour (0, 1, 0.3), then with_r_factor will have no effect because it is just multiplying 0 by a factor. You can still use with_r to add red into a colour.
• The total amount of red in the colour is clamped at the maximum, 1.0. Once you hit the limit then increasing the factor won't make the colour any redder.

This code illustrates the use of with_g_factor, with_l_factor, and with_s_factor:

from generativepy.drawing import make_image, setup
from generativepy.color import Color
from generativepy.geometry import Rectangle

def draw_delta(ctx, pixel_width, pixel_height, frame_no, frame_count):
    setup(ctx, pixel_width, pixel_height, background=Color(1))

    col = Color("cadetblue")

    pos = [10, 10]
    w = 100
    h = 100

    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_g_factor(0.8))
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col)
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_g_factor(1.2))

    pos = [10, 120]

    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_l_factor(0.6))
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col)
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_l_factor(1.4))

    pos = [10, 230]

    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_s_factor(0.6))
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col)
    pos[0] += w
    Rectangle(ctx).of_corner_size(pos, w, h).fill(col.with_s_factor(1.4))

make_image("colour-delta.png", draw_delta, 320, 340)

This code is available on github in tutorial/colour/colour_delta.py.

Here is the image it creates:

The first line of 3 colours shows the colour cadetblue - with green reduced to 80%, unmodified, and with green increased to 120%.

The second line shows the same colour - with lightness reduced to 60%, unmodified, and with lightness increased to 140%.

The third line shows the same colour - with saturation reduced to 60%, unmodified, and with saturation increased to 140%.

See also

• Colour spaces in generativepy
• Alpha colour in generativepy
• Colour properties in generativepy
• Colour interpolation in generativepy
• Colour schemes in generativepy